An acute bout of cycling does not induce compensatory responses in pre-menopausal women not using hormonal contraceptives

Summary

There is a clear need to improve understanding of the effects of physical activity and exercise on appetite control. Therefore, the acute and short-term effects (three days) of a single bout of cycling on energy intake and energy expenditure were examined in women not using hormonal contraceptives. Sixteen active (n = 8) and inactive (n = 8) healthy pre-menopausal women completed a randomised crossover design study with two conditions (exercise and control). The exercise day involved cycling for one hour (50% of maximum oxygen uptake) and resting for two hours, whilst the control day comprised three hours of rest. On each experimental day participants arrived at the laboratory fasted, consumed a standardised breakfast and an ad libitum pasta lunch. Food diaries and combined heart rate-accelerometer monitors were used to assess free-living food intake and energy expenditure, respectively, over the subsequent three days. There were no main effects or condition (exercise vs control) by group (active vs inactive) interaction for absolute energy intake (P > 0.05) at the ad libitum laboratory lunch meal, but there was a condition effect for relative energy intake (P = 0.004, ηp2 = 0.46) that was lower in the exercise condition (1417 ± 926 kJ vs. 2120 ± 923 kJ). Furthermore, post-breakfast satiety was higher in the active than in the inactive group (P = 0.005, ηp2 = 0.44). There were no main effects or interactions (P > 0.05) for mean daily energy intake, but both active and inactive groups consumed less energy from protein (14 ± 3% vs. 16 ± 4%, P = 0.016, ηp2 = 0.37) and more from carbohydrate (53 ± 5% vs. 49 ± 7%, P = 0.031, ηp2 = 0.31) following the exercise condition. This study suggests that an acute bout of cycling does not induce compensatory responses in active and inactive women not using hormonal contraceptives, while the stronger satiety response to the standardised breakfast meal in active individuals adds to the growing literature that physical activity helps improve the sensitivity of short-term appetite control.

Keywords:	Food intake, Energy expenditure, Appetite, Active, Inactive, Exercise
Creators:	Rocha, Joel Paxman, Jenny http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-489X Dalton, Caroline http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1404-873X Hopkins, Mark Broom, David
Academic units:	Faculty of Health and Wellbeing (HWB) > Academic Departments > Academy of Sport and Physical Activity Faculty of Health and Wellbeing (HWB) > Research Centres > Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre (BSRC) Sheffield Business School (SBS) > Academic Departments > Department of Service Sector Management
Funders:	Funder Name Grant Number Funder ID Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council EP/H000275/1 http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
Publisher of the data:	SHU Research Data Archive (SHURDA)
Publication date:	5 June 2018
Data last accessed:	27 August 2020
DOI:	http://doi.org/10.17032/shu-180003
SHURDA URI:	http://shurda.shu.ac.uk/id/eprint/78
Additional details Additional details Types of data: Dataset Collection period: From To 2017 2017 Data collection method: Experimental laboratory days started between 8.00 and 9.30am with participants having fasted for 10-hour overnight (Figure 1). The day commenced with a standard breakfast, followed by either 3 hours of rest (control condition- CON) or two hours of rest separated by one hour of cycling at 50% of maximal oxygen consumption (exercise condition- EX). Following this 3 hour period, participants consumed an ad libitum lunch and were then provided with a combined heart rate and accelerometer monitor (Actiheart, Cambridge Neurotechnology, Cambridge, UK) and a food diary that were used to estimate energy intake and expenditure over the following 3 days. Statement on legal, ethical and access issues: The study was approved by the Faculty of Health and Wellbeing Research Ethics Committee, Sheffield Hallam University and all participants provided written informed consent. Resource language: English Metadata language: English Depositing User: Peter Smith Date Deposited: 05 Jun 2018 08:13 Last Modified: 13 Jun 2018 13:30