1. Semi-Structured Interviews Data 
An initial interview guide was developed based on the principal research questions, with approximately six open-ended sub-questions or guides per theme (see attached Interview Guides). As the study progressed, the guide was refined to reflect emerging insights, while maintaining thematic consistency. This recursive approach allowed for flexibility in probing responses and revisiting unanswered questions. 

Transcription and data cleaning: All interviews were transcribed by me. In-person recordings were captured using a SHU-approved audio recorder and transcribed using Microsoft Word 365. On average, 5–7 hours were spent cleaning each transcript, with longer durations for recordings affected by background noise. Online interviews conducted via Microsoft Teams and Zoom benefited from built-in transcription features, reducing cleaning time to 4–5 hours per interview. The transcription process included a combination of verbatim and light formatting, preserving emphasis, filler words, and gestures where relevant (see attached transcript files). This approach ensured fidelity to participants’ voices while enhancing readability. 
Transcripts were completed within 24 hours of each interview and reviewed two days later for grammatical accuracy before being uploaded to NVivo for analysis.

Confidentiality and data security: All participants were assigned pseudonyms, and consent was obtained to identify their institutions and campus buildings. Data were initially stored on a password- and fingerprint-protected personal laptop, then transferred to the SHU-secured Q drive following transcription and cleaning. Online interviews were conducted using SHU domain platforms, and all files were deleted from local storage after upload. A SHU VPN was installed to secure my home internet connection during remote work. 

The all audio and video data files were deleted from the QDRive to comply with participant consent of non-identity, the data kept in the Q drive are interview transcripts and interview guides.

2. Direct Observation:
My initial visits involved brief fieldwork—typically 5 to 10 minutes of strolling around each sites, accompanied by 1- to 2-minute photos or videos—to capture spatial and communicative cues.

As my research questions evolved, the role of observation became less central, particularly toward the end of data collection. At UOS, major construction had concluded, limiting observation to a minor routine visit. I visited the site biweekly, primarily on Fridays. At SHU, active construction was ongoing during early data collection, prompting weekly visits. As the project progressed, my visits became more sporadic, often coinciding with my lecturing period or campus engagements.

Ethical considerations: All photographs and videos focused exclusively on-site hoarding and construction impacts. I avoided capturing identifiable individuals, and any accidental inclusions were promptly deleted. As my research focus shifted, most images were removed from my devices, with only a select few retained for illustrative use in the empirical findings chapter. These were securely stored on the SHU Q drive and uploaded to NVivo. All files were deleted from my personal laptop to ensure data security.

3. Document Review 
Document analysis played a central role in this study, particularly during its initial phase when the research aimed to explore how campus construction sites could function as living laboratories for environmental education and public engagement. To this end, I collected a wide array of public-facing promotional materials, including social media content (YouTube, LinkedIn, Facebook, etc.), press releases and advertisements, and messaging from university and contractor websites. 

Following the refinement of my research questions, I removed outdated materials and focused on a curated set of approximately 20 key documents (see attached documents), including: sustainability and climate strategies, campus master plans and design statements, civic university agreement strategies, vision and mission statements, annual reports and planning documents, and selected press releases.